Home> Archive> 2014> Volume 4 Number 4 (Jul. 2014)
IJSSH 2014 Vol.4(4): 321-324 ISSN: 2010-3646
DOI: 10.7763/IJSSH.2014.V4.372

Collieries and Agricultural Labour in Nineteenth-Century Northumberland

Michael C. Kelly

Abstract—Since the early nineteenth century, contemporary observers and historians have argued that the apparent dichotomy in agricultural living standards between a seemingly prosperous northern England and an impoverished south was primarily caused by the new industrial sectors which developed in the north of England between 1780 and the mid-nineteenth century. In Northumberland, the dominant industrial sector was coal mining. This paper challenges the assumption that coal mining was the principal factor in elevating agricultural wages in Northumberland. On the contrary, the mining sector played only a minor role in establishing agricultural wages in Northumberland, and there is evidence that day wages had little impact on agricultural living standards in the region during the nineteenth century.

Index Terms—Agricultural labourers, coal mining, northumbrian history, Industrialisation.

Michael C. Kelly is with the Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan (e-mail: mkelly@nu.edu.kz).

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Cite: Michael C. Kelly, " Collieries and Agricultural Labour in Nineteenth-Century Northumberland," International Journal of Social Science and Humanity vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 321-324, 2014.

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